91 lines
2.6 KiB
Markdown
91 lines
2.6 KiB
Markdown
---
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id: 1778493954-IJHJ
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aliases:
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- VLAN (Part 3)
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tags: []
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---
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# VLAN (Part 3)
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## Native VLAN on a router (ROAS)
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There 2 methods for configuring the native VLAN on a router:
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1.
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```Cisco
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R1(config)# int g0/0.10
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R1(config-subif)#encapsulaton dot1q *vlan-id* native
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```
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2.
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Configure the [[IP address]] for the native VLAN on the router's physical interface
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(the command is not necessary)
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```Cisco
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R1(config)# int g0/0.10
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R1(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.1.62 255.255.255.192
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```
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## Layer 3 (Multilayer) switches
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- A multilayer switch is capable of both switching and routing.
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- It is 'Layer 3 aware'
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- You can assign IP addresses to its interfaces, like a router.
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- You can create virtual interfaces for each VLAN, and assign IP addresses to those interfaces.
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- You can configure routes on it, just like a router.
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- it can be used for inter-VLAN routing
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### Inter-VLAN routing via SVI
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- SVIs (Switch Virtual Interfaces) are the virtual interfaces you can assign IP addresses to
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in a multilayer switch.
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- Configure each PC to use the SVI (Not the router) as their gateway address.
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- To send traffic to different subnets/VLANs, the PCs will send traffic to the switch,
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and the switch will route the traffic
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the command to enable Layer 3 routing on the switch is
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```Cisco
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SW2(config)#ip routing
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## this configure the interface as a 'routed port'
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## (Layer 3 port, not Layer 2 /switchport)
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SW2(config)#interface g0/1
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SW2(config-if)#no switchport
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## then you can configure an IP address on the interface like a regular router interface
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SW2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.193 255.255.255.252
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## then you can configure the default route
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SW2(config-if)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.194
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```
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To configure SVI you can assign ip address to each vlan
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```Cisco
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SW2(config)#interface vlan10
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SW2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.62 255.255.255.192
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SW2(config-if)#no shutdown
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SW2(config)#interface vlan20
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SW2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.126 255.255.255.192
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SW2(config-if)#no shutdown
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SW2(config)#interface vlan30
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SW2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.190 255.255.255.192
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SW2(config-if)#no shutdown
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```
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1. The Vlan must exist on the switch
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2. The swithc must have at least one access port in the VLAN in an up/up state, AND/OR
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one trunk port that allows the VLAN that is in an up/up state
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3. The VLAN must not be shutdown (you can use the shutdown command to disable a VLAN)
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4. The SVI must not be shutdown (SVIs are disabled by default)
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## Review
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- Native VLAN on a router
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- Wireshark analysis
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- Layer 3 Switching/multilayer Switching
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**next lesson**
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- DTP (Dynamic Trunking Protocol)
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- VTP (VLAN trunking Protocol)
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